10293463 C-91 C 91 An Act respecting Indigenous languages Loi concernant les langues autochtones An Act respecting Indigenous languages Indigenous Languages Act Loi sur les langues autochtones Indigenous Languages Act 357 Royal assent received Sanction royale reçue Royal assent received 60046 Royal assent Sanction royale Royal assent Royal assent false 2 Senate Sénat Senate 60050 Royal assent Sanction royale Royal assent 60050 Royal assent Sanction royale Royal assent 2 Senate Sénat Senate 2019-06-21T00:00:00 42 1 3 House Government Bill Projet de loi émanant du gouvernement (Cdc) House Government Bill true 1 House of Commons Chambre des communes House of Commons true false 25451 Pablo Rodriguez Pablo Rodriguez Hon. L’hon. Hon. Minister of Canadian Heritage and Multiculturalism ministre du Patrimoine canadien et du Multiculturalisme Minister of Canadian Heritage and Multiculturalism 4 Minister ministre Minister 665 Honoré-Mercier Honoré-Mercier Honoré-Mercier 60149 Royal assent Sanction royale 60050 Royal assent 2019-06-21T13:30:00 2 Senate Sénat Senate 0 0 308 2019-02-05T10:10:54.123 2019-02-20T18:35:06 2019-05-09T17:16:45 2019-05-09T20:00:00 2019-05-27T20:17:00 2019-06-13T14:15:00 2019-06-21T00:00:00 false false true true true true true true true false false 10 Regular Ordinaire Regular <div>The pre-release version of this Legislative Summary is now available. Parliamentarians and their staff can obtain a copy by submitting a request or contacting the Library of Parliament. Members of the public can obtain a copy by contacting the Information Service at the Library of Parliament at Info@parl.gc.ca.<br/><br/>On 5 February 2019, the Minister of Canadian Heritage and Multiculturalism introduced Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages (Indigenous Languages Act), in the House of Commons and it was given first reading. <br/><br/>Bill C-91 provides, among other things, that <br/><br/>(a) the Government of Canada recognizes that the rights of Indigenous peoples recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 include rights related to Indigenous languages; <br/>(b) the Minister of Canadian Heritage may enter into different types of agreements or arrangements in respect of Indigenous languages with Indigenous governments or other Indigenous governing bodies or Indigenous organizations, taking into account the unique circumstances and needs of Indigenous groups, communities and peoples; and <br/>(c) federal institutions may cause documents to be translated into an Indigenous language or provide interpretation services to facilitate the use of an Indigenous language.<br/><br/>The enactment also establishes the Office of the Commissioner of Indigenous Languages and sets out its composition. The Office’s mandate and powers, duties and functions include<br/><br/>(a) supporting the efforts of Indigenous peoples to reclaim, revitalize, maintain and strengthen Indigenous languages;<br/>(b) promoting public awareness of, among other things, the richness and diversity of Indigenous languages;<br/>(c) undertaking research or studies in respect of the provision of funding for the purposes of supporting Indigenous languages and in respect of the use of Indigenous languages in Canada;<br/>(d) providing services, including mediation or other culturally appropriate services, to facilitate the resolution of disputes; and<br/>(e) submitting to the Minister of Canadian Heritage an annual report on, among other things, the use and vitality of Indigenous languages in Canada and the adequacy of funding provided by the Government of Canada for initiatives related to Indigenous languages.</div> <div>La version préliminaire du présent résumé législatif est maintenant disponible. Les parlementaires et les membres de leur personnel peuvent en obtenir un exemplaire en présentant une demande ou en communiquant avec la Bibliothèque du Parlement. Les membres du public peuvent en obtenir un exemplaire auprès du Service de renseignements de la Bibliothèque du Parlement à Info@parl.gc.ca.<br/><br/>Le 5 février 2019, le Ministre du Patrimoine canadien et du Multiculturalisme a déposé le projet de loi C-91, Loi concernant les langues autochtones (Loi sur les langues autochtones), à la Chambre des communes en première lecture.<br/><br/>Le projet de loi C-91 prévoit notamment que?: <br/><br/>a) le gouvernement du Canada reconnaît que les droits des peuples autochtones reconnus et confirmés par l’article 35 de la Loi constitutionnelle de 1982 comportent des droits relatifs aux langues autochtones;<br/>b) le ministre du Patrimoine canadien peut conclure divers types d’accords concernant les langues autochtones avec des gouvernements autochtones et d’autres corps dirigeants autochtones et des organismes autochtones en tenant compte de la situation et des besoins propres aux groupes, collectivités et peuples autochtones;<br/>c) les institutions fédérales peuvent veiller à ce que des documents soient traduits dans une langue autochtone et à ce que des services d’interprétation soient offerts afin de faciliter l’usage d’une telle langue.<br/><br/>En outre, le texte met en place le Bureau du commissaire aux langues autochtones et en établit la composition. Les éléments ci-après font partie de sa mission et de ses attributions?: <br/><br/>a) soutenir les peuples autochtones dans leurs efforts visant à se réapproprier les langues autochtones et à les revitaliser, les maintenir et les renforcer;<br/>b) promouvoir la sensibilisation du public notamment quant à la diversité et à la richesse des langues autochtones;<br/>c) effectuer des recherches ou des études concernant l’octroi de financement visant à soutenir les langues autochtones ou concernant l’usage des langues autochtones au Canada;<br/>d) fournir des services culturellement appropriés — notamment des services de médiation — visant à faciliter le règlement de différends;<br/>e) transmettre au ministre du Patrimoine canadien un rapport annuel notamment sur l’usage et la vitalité des langues autochtones au Canada, ainsi que sur l’efficacité du financement octroyé par le gouvernement du Canada pour des projets en matière de langues autochtones.</div> <div>The pre-release version of this Legislative Summary is now available. Parliamentarians and their staff can obtain a copy by submitting a request or contacting the Library of Parliament. Members of the public can obtain a copy by contacting the Information Service at the Library of Parliament at Info@parl.gc.ca.<br/><br/>On 5 February 2019, the Minister of Canadian Heritage and Multiculturalism introduced Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages (Indigenous Languages Act), in the House of Commons and it was given first reading. <br/><br/>Bill C-91 provides, among other things, that <br/><br/>(a) the Government of Canada recognizes that the rights of Indigenous peoples recognized and affirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982 include rights related to Indigenous languages; <br/>(b) the Minister of Canadian Heritage may enter into different types of agreements or arrangements in respect of Indigenous languages with Indigenous governments or other Indigenous governing bodies or Indigenous organizations, taking into account the unique circumstances and needs of Indigenous groups, communities and peoples; and <br/>(c) federal institutions may cause documents to be translated into an Indigenous language or provide interpretation services to facilitate the use of an Indigenous language.<br/><br/>The enactment also establishes the Office of the Commissioner of Indigenous Languages and sets out its composition. The Office’s mandate and powers, duties and functions include<br/><br/>(a) supporting the efforts of Indigenous peoples to reclaim, revitalize, maintain and strengthen Indigenous languages;<br/>(b) promoting public awareness of, among other things, the richness and diversity of Indigenous languages;<br/>(c) undertaking research or studies in respect of the provision of funding for the purposes of supporting Indigenous languages and in respect of the use of Indigenous languages in Canada;<br/>(d) providing services, including mediation or other culturally appropriate services, to facilitate the resolution of disputes; and<br/>(e) submitting to the Minister of Canadian Heritage an annual report on, among other things, the use and vitality of Indigenous languages in Canada and the adequacy of funding provided by the Government of Canada for initiatives related to Indigenous languages.</div> true 2019 23 0 60029 First reading Première lecture First reading 1 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-02-05T10:00:00 Completed Introduction and first reading Dépôt et première lecture Introduction and first reading 378 2019-02-05T00:00:00 true 60110 0 Introduction and first reading Dépôt et première lecture Introduction and first reading 2019-02-05T00:00:00 true false 60110 Introduction and first reading Dépôt et première lecture Introduction and first reading 2019-02-05T10:00:00 2019-02-05T10:00:00 1 2019-02-05T10:10:54.123 false false 60030 Second reading Deuxième lecture Second reading 1 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-02-20T18:35:06 Completed 0 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 10496632 6 false true false false Debate at second reading Débat à l’étape de la deuxième lecture Debate at second reading 380 2019-02-07T00:00:00 true Debate at second reading Débat à l’étape de la deuxième lecture Debate at second reading 383 2019-02-20T00:00:00 true 10492923 10298853 2nd reading and referral to committee - CHPC 2e lecture et renvoi en comité - CHPC 2nd reading and referral to committee - CHPC 15 Agreed To Adoptée Agreed To 10 On recorded division Suivant un vote par appel nominal On recorded division 994 279 1 4 2019-02-20T00:00:00 383 60121 0 Second reading and referral to committee Deuxième lecture et renvoi en comité Second reading and referral to committee 2019-02-20T00:00:00 true false 60121 Second reading and referral to committee Deuxième lecture et renvoi en comité Second reading and referral to committee 2019-02-20T18:35:06 2019-02-20T18:35:06 1 2019-02-20T18:35:06 0 1 10480102 60152 Sponsor’s speech Discours du parrain Sponsor’s speech 25451 Pablo Rodriguez Pablo Rodriguez Liberal Libéral Liberal 42 1 380 2019-02-07T10:13:50 0 1 10480481 60153 Response speech Discours en réponse Response speech 59265 Cathy McLeod Cathy McLeod Conservative Conservateur Conservative 42 1 380 2019-02-07T10:44:15 0 1 10480582 60153 Response speech Discours en réponse Response speech 71482 Romeo Saganash Romeo Saganash NDP NPD NDP 42 1 380 2019-02-07T11:12:05 false false 60049 Consideration in committee Examen en comité Consideration in committee 1 42 1 4 Completed Terminé 2019-04-01T14:09:24.323 Completed 0 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 10496632 6 false true false false Committee report presented with amendments Présentation du rapport de comité avec des amendements Committee report presented with amendments 395 2019-04-01T00:00:00 true 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC 144 2019-02-21T00:00:00 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC 145 2019-02-25T00:00:00 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC 146 2019-02-26T00:00:00 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC 147 2019-02-27T00:00:00 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC 148 2019-02-28T00:00:00 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 21433 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage Comité permanent du patrimoine canadien CHPC 149 2019-03-18T00:00:00 Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage 60124 0 Committee report presented with amendments Présentation du rapport de comité avec des amendements Committee report presented with amendments 2019-04-01T00:00:00 true false 10371873 18 60124 Committee report presented Présentation du rapport de comité Committee report presented 2019-04-01T14:09:24.323 2019-04-01T14:09:24.323 1 2019-04-01T14:09:24.323 false false 60032 Report stage Étape du rapport Report stage 1 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-05-02T11:15:41 Completed Debate at report stage Débat à l’étape du rapport Debate at report stage 408 2019-05-02T00:00:00 true 60285 0 Concurrence at report stage Adoption à l’étape du rapport Concurrence at report stage 2019-05-02T00:00:00 true false 60285 Concurrence at report stage Adoption à l’étape du rapport Concurrence at report stage 2019-05-02T11:15:41 2019-05-02T11:15:41 1 2019-05-02T11:15:41 false false 60031 Third reading Troisième lecture Third reading 1 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-05-09T17:16:45 Completed Debate at third reading Débat à l’étape de la troisième lecture Debate at third reading 408 2019-05-02T00:00:00 true Debate at third reading Débat à l’étape de la troisième lecture Debate at third reading 413 2019-05-09T00:00:00 true 10619497 10298855 3rd reading 3e lecture 3rd reading 15 Agreed To Adoptée Agreed To 9 On division Avec dissidence On division 2019-05-09T00:00:00 413 60134 0 Third reading Troisième lecture Third reading 2019-05-09T00:00:00 true false 60134 Third reading Troisième lecture Third reading 2019-05-09T17:16:45 2019-05-09T17:16:45 1 2019-05-09T17:16:45 false false 60038 Senate pre-study Étude préalable au Sénat Senate pre-study 2 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-04-30T00:00:00 Completed 0 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples false true false false Pre-study of House bill Étude préalable d’un projet de loi émanant de la Chambre des communes Pre-study of House bill 269 2019-02-28T00:00:00 false Committee report on subject matter of bill tabled Dépôt du rapport de comité sur l'objet du projet de loi Committee report on subject matter of bill tabled 281 2019-04-30T00:00:00 false 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 110 2019-03-19T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 111 2019-03-20T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 112 2019-04-02T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 113 2019-04-03T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 114 2019-04-04T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 60109 0 Pre-study of House bill Étude préalable d’un projet de loi émanant de la Chambre des communes Pre-study of House bill 2019-02-28T00:00:00 false false 60305 0 Committee report on subject matter of bill tabled Dépôt du rapport de comité sur l'objet du projet de loi Committee report on subject matter of bill tabled 2019-04-30T00:00:00 true false 60305 Committee report on subject matter of bill tabled Dépôt du rapport de comité sur l'objet du projet de loi Committee report on subject matter of bill tabled 2019-04-30T00:00:00 2019-04-30T00:00:00 1 2019-04-30T00:00:00 false false 60029 First reading Première lecture First reading 2 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-05-09T20:00:00 Completed First reading Première lecture First reading 286 2019-05-09T00:00:00 false 60111 0 First reading Première lecture First reading 2019-05-09T20:00:00 true false 60111 First reading Première lecture First reading 2019-05-09T20:00:00 2019-05-09T20:00:00 1 2019-05-09T20:00:00 false false 60030 Second reading Deuxième lecture Second reading 2 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-05-27T20:17:00 Completed 0 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples false true false false Debate at second reading Débat à l’étape de la deuxième lecture Debate at second reading 290 2019-05-16T00:00:00 false Debate at second reading Débat à l’étape de la deuxième lecture Debate at second reading 291 2019-05-27T00:00:00 false 60120 0 Second reading Deuxième lecture Second reading 2019-05-27T20:17:00 true false 60123 0 Referral to committee Renvoi en comité Referral to committee 2019-05-27T20:20:00 true false 60120 Second reading Deuxième lecture Second reading 2019-05-27T20:17:00 2019-05-27T20:17:00 1 2019-05-27T20:20:00 0 2 60152 Sponsor’s speech Discours du parrain Sponsor’s speech 17411 Murray Sinclair Murray Sinclair 206060 Independent Senators Group Groupe des sénateurs indépendants Independent Senators Group 42 1 290 2019-05-16T00:00:00 https://sencanada.ca/en/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/290db_2019-05-16-e#52 https://sencanada.ca/fr/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/290db_2019-05-16-f#52 https://sencanada.ca/en/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/290db_2019-05-16-e#52 0 2 60153 Response speech Discours en réponse Response speech 98803 Mary Coyle Mary Coyle 211695 Non-affiliated Non affilié(e) Non-affiliated 42 1 290 2019-05-16T00:00:00 https://sencanada.ca/en/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/290db_2019-05-16-e#52 https://sencanada.ca/fr/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/290db_2019-05-16-f#52 https://sencanada.ca/en/content/sen/chamber/421/debates/290db_2019-05-16-e#52 true false 60049 Consideration in committee Examen en comité Consideration in committee 2 42 1 4 Completed Terminé 2019-06-13T14:00:00 Completed 0 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples false true false false Committee report presented with amendments Présentation du rapport de comité avec des amendements Committee report presented with amendments 302 2019-06-13T00:00:00 false 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 124 2019-05-28T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 127 2019-06-04T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA 130 2019-06-12T00:00:00 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples 60124 0 Committee report presented with amendments Présentation du rapport de comité avec des amendements Committee report presented with amendments 2019-06-13T14:00:00 true false 60124 Committee report presented Présentation du rapport de comité Committee report presented 2019-06-13T14:00:00 2019-06-13T14:00:00 1 2019-06-13T14:00:00 false false 60032 Report stage Étape du rapport Report stage 2 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-06-13T14:05:00 Completed Debate at consideration of committee report Débat à l'étape de l'étude du rapport de comité Debate at consideration of committee report 302 2019-06-13T00:00:00 false 60130 0 Committee report adopted Adoption du rapport de comité Committee report adopted 2019-06-13T14:05:00 true false 60130 Committee report adopted Adoption du rapport de comité Committee report adopted 2019-06-13T14:05:00 2019-06-13T14:05:00 1 2019-06-13T14:05:00 false false 60031 Third reading Troisième lecture Third reading 2 42 1 4 Completed Terminée 2019-06-13T14:15:00 Completed Debate at third reading Débat à l’étape de la troisième lecture Debate at third reading 302 2019-06-13T00:00:00 false 60134 0 Third reading Troisième lecture Third reading 2019-06-13T14:15:00 true false Bill passed by the Senate with amendments Projet de loi adopté par le Sénat avec des amendements Bill passed by the Senate with amendments 60134 Third reading Troisième lecture Third reading 2019-06-13T14:15:00 2019-06-13T14:15:00 1 2019-06-13T14:15:00 false false 60050 Royal assent Sanction royale Royal assent 2 42 1 0 Royal assent Sanction royale Royal assent 308 2019-06-21T00:00:00 false 60149 0 Royal assent Sanction royale Royal assent 2019-06-21T00:00:00 true false 60149 Royal assent Sanction royale Royal assent 2019-06-21T00:00:00 2019-06-21T00:00:00 1 2019-06-21T00:00:00 false false Message sent to the House of Commons Message envoyé à la Chambre des communes Message sent to the House of Commons 2019-06-13T14:20:00 42 1 302 2 Concurrence in the motion respecting Senate amendments Adoption de la motion relative aux amendements du Sénat Concurrence in the motion respecting Senate amendments 2019-06-19T22:00:00.237 42 1 437 1 Message sent to the Senate Message envoyé au Sénat Message sent to the Senate 2019-06-19T23:58:00 42 1 437 1 Consideration of House of Commons amendments Étude des amendements de la Chambre des communes Consideration of House of Commons amendments 2019-06-20T14:30:00 42 1 307 2 The Senate does not insist on its amendment(s) Le Sénat n’insiste pas sur ses amendements The Senate does not insist on its amendment(s) 2019-06-20T14:35:00 42 1 307 2 10300759 80701 First Reading Première lecture First Reading 10388462 80702 As amended by committee Tel que modifié par le comité As amended by committee 10477756 80703 As passed by the House of Commons Tel qu’adopté par la Chambre des communes As passed by the House of Commons 10593607 80704 Royal Assent Royal Assent Royal Assent 0 993 Time allocation for Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages Attribution de temps pour le projet de loi C-91, Loi concernant les langues autochtones Time allocation for Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages 158 120 4 282 15 Agreed To Adoptée Agreed To 2019-02-20T14:00:00 true false false 0 0 994 2nd reading of Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages 2e lecture du projet de loi C-91, Loi concernant les langues autochtones 2nd reading of Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages 279 1 4 284 15 Agreed To Adoptée Agreed To 2019-02-20T14:00:00 true false false 0 0 1306 Concurrence at report stage of Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages Adoption à l’étape du rapport du projet de loi C-91, Loi concernant les langues autochtones Concurrence at report stage of Bill C-91, An Act respecting Indigenous languages 254 0 0 254 15 Agreed To Adoptée Agreed To 2019-05-02T10:00:00 true false false 0 0 Government of Canada introduces historic legislation on Indigenous languages Le gouvernement du Canada présente un projet de loi historique sur les langues autochtones Government of Canada introduces historic legislation on Indigenous languages 5 Press Release Communiqué de presse Press Release https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/news/2019/02/government-of-canadaintroduces-historiclegislationonindigenous-languages.html https://www.canada.ca/fr/patrimoine-canadien/nouvelles/2019/02/le-gouvernement-du-canada-presente-un-projet-de-loi-historique-sur-les-langues-autochtones.html https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/news/2019/02/government-of-canadaintroduces-historiclegislationonindigenous-languages.html 0 Backgrounder: Government of Canada introduces historic legislation on Indigenous languages Document d’information : Le gouvernement du Canada présente un projet de loi historique sur les langues autochtones Backgrounder: Government of Canada introduces historic legislation on Indigenous languages 7 Background Documents Document(s) d'information Background Documents https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/news/2019/02/backgrounder---government-of-canadaintroduces-historiclegislationonindigenous-languages.html https://www.canada.ca/fr/patrimoine-canadien/nouvelles/2019/02/document-dinformation--le-gouvernement-du-canada-presente-un-projet-de-loi-historique-sur-les-langues-autochtones.html https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/news/2019/02/backgrounder---government-of-canadaintroduces-historiclegislationonindigenous-languages.html 0 Charter Statement - Bill C-91: An Act respecting Indigenous languages Énoncé concernant la Charte - Projet de loi C-91 : Loi concernant les langues autochtones Charter Statement - Bill C-91: An Act respecting Indigenous languages 7 Background Documents Document(s) d'information Background Documents https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/csj-sjc/pl/charter-charte/c91.html https://www.justice.gc.ca/fra/sjc-csj/pl/charte-charter/c91.html https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/csj-sjc/pl/charter-charte/c91.html 0 3236 More than words - The legal implications of reviving Indigenous languages [book review]. Heather Menzies Literary review of Canada 27(5):20-21 June 2019 Radar 32556025 1 false 0 16093 Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples Comité sénatorial permanent des peuples autochtones APPA Standing Senate Committee on Indigenous Peoples false true false false false false